History of the Field Spaniel Breed
The field spaniel and the English cocker spaniel share an early history. Initially, the only difference between the two breeds was size. The field spaniel was originally required to be black, and it weighed over 25 pounds. It is said to have originated from the cocker spaniel, the Sussex spaniel, and English water spaniel. It was in the late 1800s that the field spaniel became recognized as a separate breed. Continual cross breeding with the Sussex spaniel created a dog with heavy bones, short legs, and excessive length, which resulted in a poor hunter. The field spaniel, while being popular for a short period of time in the early 1900s, came close to extinction. In an attempt to recreate the original field spaniel, the dog was crossed with the English Springer spaniel, resulting in an effective hunter that was very close to the appearance of the original field spaniel. According to some sources, all field spaniels in existence today can be traced back to just four dogs that lived in the 1950s: Colombina of Teffont, Elmbury Morwena of Rhiwlas, Gormac Teal, and Ronayne Regal. Field spaniels were shown in the United States as early as the late 1800s, but for about 50 years (from 1916 to 1966), the breed was almost extinct. This is among the rarest of breeds in the United States to date, despite the reintroduction of the field spaniel in the late 1960s.
Size and Appearance of the Field Spaniel Breed
Considered to be a combination of usefulness and appealing appearance, the field spaniel is slightly longer than it is tall and is solidly built. The front legs are well-boned and straight, while the hindquarters feature broad, muscular hips. The large, round feet are webbed with thick pads and well-arched toes. The head is in proportion to the rest of the dog, and it gives the impression of nobility and character. With a gentle and intelligent expression, the eyes are almond-shaped and wide-set, usually dark hazel or dark brown in color. The long, wide ears are pendulous and rounded at the end, hanging close to the head. The long, lean muzzle is strong and features a large nose with open nostrils. The jaws meet in either a scissors bite or a level bite. The long neck is muscular and slightly arched, blending well into the shoulder. The strongly muscled back is level, while the tail is set low. The tail can be docked or left in its natural state. The field spaniel's gait is described as effortless with a long, majestic stride. It has a single coat that is fairly long, and it can be flat or slightly wavy. The water-repellant hair is dense, yet silky and glossy in appearance. Feathering can be found on the chest, under the body, on the back of the legs, and on the back end. The field spaniel comes in a variety of colors including black, golden liver, and liver and can be self-colored or bi-colored. Bi-colored dogs are normally roaned or ticked in the white areas.
Field Spaniel Temperament
Independent yet devoted, the field spaniel is a dog that loves to work. It is an affectionate breed that makes a wonderful family pet. Although it tends to be reserved and aloof with strangers, the field spaniel is normally good with other dogs and animals. It does well with children as long as play time does not become too rough. If bothered too much by children, this breed may become withdrawn. The field spaniel is sensitive and eager to learn; it learns to react to the sound of a voice. Training should be kind and consistent. Some claim that this breed may become particularly devoted to one member of the family and tend to ignore others. A friendly and playful dog, the field spaniel needs to be in contact with its family and, as with any dog, locking it in a kennel is not recommended.
Field Spaniel Recommended Maintenance
The coat of the field spaniel is fairly easy to maintain. Brushing and combing about twice a week is recommended. Professional trimming is suggested two to four times a year to keep straggly hair under control. Check and clean the ears on a regular basis. This breed requires daily exercise such as long walks on a leash and a chance to run and play. Apartment dwelling is not recommended for the field spaniel as it is fairly active when indoors. A large, fenced-in yard is ideal to keep this dog safe. It may take off after a scent if not securely locked in. The field spaniel is happiest to live inside and play outdoors.
Field Spaniel Health
Life span: 12 - 14 years
Major concerns: CHD
Minor concerns: otitis externa, patellar luxation
Occasionally seen: PRA, SAS
Suggested tests: hip, eye
