History of the English Toy Spaniel Breed
Identical to the history of the King Charles spaniel, the English toy spaniel likely resulted from the crossing of small spaniels with toy breeds from the Orient, such as the pug or Asian spaniels. Some claim that Mary, Queen of Scots, brought toy spaniels to Scotland from France. Known as "comforter spaniels" because they served as lap or foot warmers, the English toy spaniels became very popular with the wealthy. The delightful companion was most popular when King Charles reigned in the 17th century, which resulted in the name King Charles spaniel, the name this breed is stilled called in England. Originally, the English toy spaniel was only found in black and tan. The first Duke of Marlborough is credited with creating the Blenheim coloration, consisting of red and white. The duke's dogs are believed to have been good hunting dogs that specialized in hunting woodcocks. The Blenheim coloration may have resulted from crossing the breed with Chinese cocker spaniels. In the following centuries, the King Charles spaniel was bred to create a beautiful lap dog, leaving behind its hunting abilities. In the United States, the name of the breed became known as the English toy spaniel. This breed is popular with those who want a fun, yet aristocratic, lap dog.
Size and Appearance of the English Toy Spaniel Breed
Small yet sturdy, the English toy spaniel is square in proportion with a compact, cobby body. The front legs are well boned and strong, while the rear legs are angulated and well muscled. The head of this breed is large in comparison to the overall size of the dog, which creates a chubby look. The large, dark eyes are soft and intelligent. Very long ears fall close to the head and have heavy, soft feathering. The very short muzzle offers a broad, square jaw and a large nose with wide nostrils. The bite is usually slightly undershot. The neck is of a moderately length, and it arches nicely into the shoulders. The tail is normally docked to measure two to four inches, and it is carried evenly with the back. The gait of the English toy spaniel is described as lively and free. The coat of this breed is quite profuse with heavy fringe found on the body, chest, and ears. Feathering is normally found on all legs and on the feet. Straight or slightly wavy, the coat has a glossy, silk-like texture. The English toy spaniel comes in a variety of colors including the Blenheim (red and white), the Prince Charles (tri-color: white, black and tan), the King Charles (black and tan), and Ruby (solid mahogany red).
English Toy Spaniel Temperament
Happiest living a life of leisure with occasional fun-filled romps, the English toy spaniel is an excellent lap dog. It is normally gentle, calm, and quiet, but it also enjoys playing. While it is very devoted to family, this breed can be reserved with strangers. Generally well-behaved, this dog can also be stubborn. It is an intelligent breed that needs to be trained with a loving hand. It does best in a home with older children, and it is usually good with other dogs. Sometimes this breed can be picky about what it eats. The English toy spaniel is considered to be an average barker, making it an acceptable watchdog, but it is at its best as a companion.
English Toy Spaniel Recommended Maintenance
Regular brushing using a firm bristle brush is usually all that's needed to keep the coat of the English toy spaniel in good condition. This breed is considered to be an average shedder and stripping or trimming is not necessary. Be sure to check the ears, eyes, and nails on a regular basis and keep an eye out for signs of ear infections. Bathe only when necessary. This dog is not terribly active, but it can benefit from daily exercise such as short walks on the leash or games. Keep in mind that this breed does not do well in hot weather, and it should not live outside. It enjoys being with its family. It is an appropriate dog for apartment dwelling, and it doesn't need a yard as long as some kind of exercise is given. The English toy spaniel is quite easy to train.
English Toy Spaniel Health
Life span: 10 - 12 years
Major concerns: patellar luxation
Minor concerns: early tooth loss, "lazy" tongue (never fully extracts into mouth)
Occasionally seen: PDA
Suggested tests: knee
Note: A soft spot in the skull (due to incomplete fontanel closure) sometimes occurs. The breed is sensitive to anesthesia.
