History of the Bichon Frise Breed
While some believe that the bichon frise existed before the time of Christ, others claim that the dog descended from Maltese bloodlines, and even others think this breed was a result of crossing of a miniature spaniel with a miniature poodle and Cayenne dogs. However, many accounts suggest that the bichon frise breed came from the barbet or water spaniel, and perhaps the poodle. It was from this ancestry that some claim the name "barbichon" was derived, which was later shortened to "bichon." It is said that the bichons were separated into four divisions including the the bichon Bolognais, the bichon Havanais, the bichon Maltais, and the bichon Teneriffe - all of which are said to have originated in the Mediterranean region. History suggests that this breed was often used in bartering by sailors. These dogs were particularly popular in Spain, and it is believed that Spanish sailors were the ones to introduce the breed to Teneriffe, an island in the Canaries. It was in the 1300s that sailors from Italy were thought to have rediscovered the bichon, and the dogs soon became popular with Italian nobility. The breed was also successful in France during the Renaissance, but it became most popular under the rule of Henry III in the early to mid-1500s. Spain was also very fond of the powder-puff dog, and its likeness can be found in paintings by Goya, a famous Spanish artist. A renewed interest in the bichon came while Napoleon III was in power, but in the late 1800s, the breed became less desirable when it was known to accompany organ grinders, circuses, and fairs. It wasn't until 1933 that the official standard of the bichon was drawn up by the Societe Centrale Canine of France - and it was called by two names - "Teneriffe" and "bichon." The name bichon frise was proposed by the president of the International Canine Federation, "frise" relating to the soft, curly coat. The first domestic litter of these little dogs was born in the United States in 1956, and two different breeders obtained bichons in 1959 and 1960. These two breeders are credited with the breed's development in America.
Size and Appearance of the Bichon Frise Breed
Longer than it is tall, the bichon frise is an agile breed with a merry disposition. The front legs are straight and consist of medium bone, while the hindquarters offer muscular thighs. The tight, round feet are cat-like with black pads. The round, dark eyes offer an inquisitive and alert, yet soft expression. The drop ears are covered with long hair. The black nose is quite prominent, and the teeth meet in a scissors bite. The bichon has a long, arched neck that blends nicely into the shoulders. The plumed tail curves over the back. The gait of this breed is best described as precise, yet free and effortless. The coat of the bichon is a very important attribute of the breed. It consists of a soft, dense undercoat and a coarse, curly outer coat. The bichon frise is white, but at times shades of apricot, buff, or cream may be found around the ears.
Bichon Frise Temperament
Playful and full of energy, the bichon frise is a delightful addition to the family. A friendly, outgoing dog, it will welcome strangers, and it loves children. This breed will also do well with other family pets, including other dogs. Sensitive and affectionate, this little dog loves to play and cuddle, and it thoroughly enjoys spending time with its family. Some may have a tendency to bark a lot. While this breed is usually easy to train because of its easy-going temperament, it may be difficult to housebreak. Because of its popularity in the 1980s, over-breeding occurred. So it is important to find a reputable breeder when looking to obtain a bichon frise. This will help to ensure that you get a dog with the best personality traits.
Bichon Frise Recommended Maintenance
The coat of the bichon frise requires regular maintenance, including brushing and combing at least every other day. Professional scissoring and trimming is recommended every two months. While this dog doesn't shed, the loose hairs can get tangled in the coat, causing it to mat. Regular bathing will help keep the coat a bright white. Use blunt scissors to trim around the eyes and ears, and to prevent staining of the hair on the face, extensive cleaning around the eyes is suggested. The bichon frise is a good choice of breed for allergy suffers. Even though this breed is small, it is active and requires daily exercise. Short leashed walks, vigorous games, and playing in the yard are some of its favorite activities. This breed will be fine in an apartment dwelling as long as enough exercise is provided.
Bichon Frise Health
Life span: 12 - 15 years
Major concerns: patellar luxation
Minor concerns: tooth loss, cataract
Occasionally seen: none
Suggested tests: knee, eye
