History of the Belgian Sheepdog Breed
Known originally as the Belgian or Continental shepherd, the Belgian sheepdog, along with the Belgian Tervuren and the Belgian Malinois, began as three variations of one breed with different locales. Originally known as the Groenendael, or Chien de Berger Beige variation, this breed is the one that is now known as the Belgian sheepdog. Like its Belgian shepherd counterparts, the Belgian sheepdog was considered to be a working farm dog, and it was expected play two roles: herding and guarding. But this breed was different from the others in terms of its coat: the Belgian sheepdog has a long, black coat. With its origin traced back to the late 1800's, the Belgian sheepdog was listed, (in stud books as well as at dog shows) as the Chien de Berger de Races Continentales, otherwise known as Continental Shepherds. Experts are able to ascertain by pedigree that many of the Continental Shepherds at this time were not only Belgian Shepherds, including the Groenendael, Malinois, Tervuren, and Laekenois, but also Beauceron, Bouvier des Flandres, Briards, German Shepherds, and Hollander Herders. It was in about 1910 that the Belgian sheepdog was officially named Groenendael because that was the name of the kennel responsible for selectively breeding the black coated dogs since 1893. By this time in history, the breed had gained a reputation as an effective police dog, and it was being used as such in the United States. In World War I, the Belgian sheepdog was used extensively as messengers, draft dogs, and sentries. After the war was over, the breed gained popularity and the Belgian Sheepdog Club of America was formed in 1919. But during the Great Depression, the popularity of the breed dropped dramatically, and club ceased to exist. It was World War II that reinvigorated the breed, as it once again served as a defense dog, including guarding of military installations. With interest in the breed gaining ground, the current Belgian Sheepdog Club of America was established in 1949. In 1959, the three Belgian shepherd breeds were divided into separate breeds that we know today, and the Groenendael came to be known as the Belgian sheepdog. In 1959, the AKC decided that only the Groenendael can be registered as a Belgian sheepdog, and they require that the specimen have three generations of Groenendael ancestors.
Size and Appearance of the Belgian Sheepdog Breed
An elegant breed of square proportion, the Belgian sheepdog has long, oblique shoulders and straight, strong front legs with oval bones. The round, well-padded feet feature close, curved toes and strong, usually black nails. The back legs are parallel to each other, and they features broad, heavily-muscled thighs. The back feet are slightly elongated and well-padded with curved toes and strong nails. The head of this breed is strong and clean-cut, and its dark brown eyes offer an expression of alertness and intelligence. The triangular ears are held erect, and the muzzle of this breed is moderately pointed with a black nose. Strong and powerful jaws have evenly set teeth that meet in an even or scissors bite. The round neck tapers nicely from the head into the body, and it is well-muscled. The tail is strong at the base and held low when the dog is at rest. When active, the tail is raised and curled. The gait is described as smooth and tireless, and this breed tends to move in circles as opposed to straight lines. The abundant outer coat is made of long, straight guard hairs that are rather harsh in texture. The density of the undercoat is proportionate with the conditions of the climate, and the Belgian Sheepdog is known for its ability to adapt to temperature extremes. This breed is usually completely black in color, but some limited white may be found in some specimens.
Belgian Sheepdog Temperament
While the Belgian sheepdog is a playful dog, it is also known to be alert, watchful, and protective. It is usually quite reserved with strangers, and it has been known to be aggressive towards animals, including other dogs. This breed is very intelligent, but also independent. It is generally good with children in its own family, but rough play and chasing games are not recommended. Take note that this breed may not have the same toleration for other children. Socialization with other household pets should begin early. The Belgian sheepdog is a good guard dog, and it will protect family as well as property, but it will generally not attack without reason.
Belgian Sheepdog Recommended Maintenance
The abundant coat of the Belgian sheepdog requires daily grooming, including combing and/or brushing. Be sure to keep mats clipped out, especially in the ruff and on the legs. It is also suggested to trim the hair between the toes and on the outer ears. This dog should only be bathed when necessary. It sheds extensively on a bi-annual basis. Daily exercise is also important for the Belgian sheepdog, and its needs can be met with a long jog or a good, strenuous play session. Access to a fenced-in yard is highly recommended, as this breed needs to have room to move. It enjoys dividing its time between being in the house with its family and out in the yard. This breed can adapt to just about any dwelling as long as they have sufficient space to roam and plenty of exercise.
Belgian Sheepdog Health
Life span: 10 - 12 years
Major concerns: none
Minor concerns: epilepsy, skin allergies
Occasionally seen: CHD
Suggested tests: none
